Track II as a method to break barriers: Pakistan-India relations since 1980

Authors

Talat A. Wizarat, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

Track-II diplomacy made major contribution in reducing tension between the US and Soviet Union during late 1950’s and 1960’s. Attempts have been made in the past to apply the concepts developed particularly during 1960’s to other regions of the world. South Asia at one time had more than a hundred channels, only a few have survived. Some of these ventures have been one time exercise while others have survived for several years. Socialization process has been more successful than the other three stages. Filtration and transmission also hold great significance but several factors have retarded their growth. Implementation can only take place when the earlier three stages have been successful. However, it needs to be recognized that several ideas developed under Track-II initiatives have been implemented e.g. the establishment of hotline connecting the leadership of land forces of Pakistan and India. Some CBMs can also be traced back to Neemrana and other Track-II initiatives. Mindsets of common people and decision-makers need to be changed, in that lies the real success of Track-II initiatives.

Keywords

Track-II Diplomacy, Initiatives, Socialization, Filtrations, Transmission, Implementation

DOI

https://doi.org/10.54784/1990-6587.1268

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Recommended Citation

Wizarat, T. A. (2014). Track II as a method to break barriers: Pakistan-India relations since 1980. Business Review, 9(2), 11-23. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.54784/1990-6587.1268